The majority of my work is 3D but it wasn't always so. 2D generated vector based imagery has been around for decades and some of my first commercial digital work was 2D vector based images. All 'Vector Based' means is that the image is not a bitmap image but rather it's mathematically defined. Okay, so if you didn't know what a vector image was before, that didn't help much. Think of it this way. A bitmap image is a lot like a photograph. In fact most photographs (digital) that you see online are bitmap images. They are static in nature. If you zoom in on them eventually you will begin to see the pixels that make up the image. If you scale them up they will get softer and fuzzier as the scale increases. This is because of its static nature. You have a finite amount of pixel information.
A vector image, however, is dynamic. If you zoom in on a vector based image, say an edge of something, as you get closer the image does not get fuzzier. There are no pixels. It stays nice and sharp no matter how close you get. Similarly, if you increase the scale it does not get softer because you are not dealing with a finite number of pixels.